Hernia enlargement and pancreatitis in a patient with short bowel syndrome treated with teduglutide / Crecimiento de hernias y pancreatitis en una paciente con síndrome de intestino corto tratada con teduglutida

Introduction: teduglutide (TED) is indicated for the treatment of patients with short-bowel syndrome (SBS) who are dependent on parenteral support. Case report: we report the case of a 60-year-old woman with SBS treated with TED. She had previously undergone multiple surgical resections due to Crohn's disease. Her remnant bowel included only the duodenum and 50-60 centimeters of jejunum. The patient was dependent on intravenous fluids (2,320 mL/48 h) and had a high stoma output (3,000 mL/day). After four months of TED the jejunostomy output had decreased to 2,200 mL/day with a thicker consistency, and intravenous fluid therapy was reduced to 2,010 mL/48 h. TED was withdrawn due to acute pancreatitis and enlargement of two supraumbilical hernias with high strangulation risk. Discussion: pancreatitis has been reported in clinical studies, and determination of amylase and lipase is recommended in all patients receiving TED. In contrast, there are no recommendations for the surveillance of hernia enlargement in patients on TED therapy, but we suggest the need for surveillance based on this case report (AU)

Introducción: la teduglutida (TED) está indicada para el tratamiento de pacientes con síndrome de intestino corto (SBS) que precisen soporte parenteral. Caso clínico: mujer de 60 años con SBS tratada con TED. Previamente se había sometido a múltiples resecciones quirúrgicas por su enfermedad de Crohn. Su intestino remanente incluía el duodeno y 50-60 centímetros de yeyuno. La paciente era dependiente de líquidos por vía intravenosa (2320 ml/48 h) y tenía una ostomía de alto débito (3000 ml/día). Después de cuatro meses de TED, el débito de la yeyunostomía disminuyó a 2200 ml/día, con una consistencia más espesa, y la fluidoterapia intravenosa se redujo a 2010 ml/48 h. Se retiró la TED por pancreatitis aguda y agrandamiento de dos hernias supraumbilicales con alto riesgo de estrangulamiento. Discusión: se han descrito casos de pancreatitis en estudios previos, por lo que se recomienda la determinación de la amilasa y la lipasa en los pacientes tratados con TED. Sin embargo, no hay recomendaciones específicas sobre la vigilancia del agrandamiento de hernias, pero sugerimos su idoneidad basada en este caso clínico (AU)

[Viscosity changes in thickened water due to the addition of highly prescribed drugs in geriatrics]. / Cambios en la viscosidad del agua con espesantes por la adición de fármacos altamente prescritos en geriatría.

INTRODUCTION: Dysphagia is a swallowing disorder with a high incidence in the geriatric patient related with an increased risk for undernutrition and pneumonia due to bronchial aspiration. In this condition, it is usual to add commercial thickeners in liquids, as well as the addition of drugs in this mixture to improve their administration. However, there are no studies regarding the possible change in viscosity produced by their addition. OBJECTIVES: To assess the change in viscosity of water thickened with commercial products by adding the drugs frequently used in elderly patients. METHODS: Samples of water mixed with the commercial thickener Resource (modified corn starch) or Nutilis (modified corn starch, maltodextrin, and gums: tara, xhantan, and guar) to achieve an intermediate consistence as "honey". The viscosity of these samples was measured as well as for similar samples to which one of the following drugs was added: galantamine, rivastigmin, ciprofloxacin, cholecalciferol, memantine, fosfomycin, calcium, and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. RESULTS: In the samples with Resource thickener we observed decreased viscosity by adding galantamine, memantine, fosfomycin or calcium, and increased viscosity with amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. The viscosity of the samples with Nutilis® decreased with galantamine, rivastigmine, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, fosfomycin and calcium. CONCLUSION: The viscosity of water with commercial thickeners may be affected by some drugs or their preservatives, which may influence the swallowing capability. It is recommended to perform further in vitro and in vivo studies in order to adjust these formulations if necessary.

Cambios en la viscosidad del agua con espesantes por la adición de fármacos altamente prescritos en geriatría / Viscosity changes in thickened water due to the addition of highly prescribed drugs in geriatrics

Introducción: La disfagia es una alteración de la deglución con una elevada incidencia en el paciente geriátrico relacionada con un aumento del riesgo de desnutrición y neumonía por broncoaspiración. La adición de espesantes comerciales en líquidos es frecuente en esta situación, así como la adición de fármacos en esta mezcla para facilitar su administración. Sin embargo, no existen estudios referentes al posible cambio de viscosidad producido por la adición de los mismos. Objetivos: Evaluar la variación ejercida sobre la viscosidad del agua espesada con preparados comerciales al añadir fármacos frecuentemente utilizados en pacientes de edad avanzada. Métodos: Se prepararon muestras de agua con espesante comercial Resource® (almidón de maíz modificado) o Nutilis® (almidón modificado de maíz, maltodextrina y gomas: tara, xantana y guar) para conseguir consistencia intermedia tipo "miel". Se midió la viscosidad de estas muestras y para muestras similares a las que se había añadido alguno de los siguientes fármacos: galantamina, rivastigmina, ciprofloxacino, colecalciferol, memantina, fosfomicina, calcio y amoxilina/clavulánico. Resultados: En las muestras con espesante Resource® se observó una disminución de la viscosidad al añadir galantamina, memantina, fosfomicina o calcio, y un aumento de la viscosidad con amoxicilina/clavulánico. La viscosidad de la muestras con Nutilis® disminuyó con galantamina, rivastigmina, amoxicilina/clavulánico, fosfomicina y calcio. Conclusión: La viscosidad del agua con espesantes comerciales puede verse afectada por algunos fármacos o sus excipientes, lo que puede incidir en la capacidad de deglución de los mismos. Es aconsejable realizar más estudios in vitro e in vivo para valorar ajustar dichas pautas en caso necesario (AU)

Introduction: Dysphagia is a swallowing disorder with a high incidence in the geriatric patient related with an increased risk for undernutrition and pneumonia due to bronchial aspiration. In this condition, it is usual to add commercial thickeners in liquids, as well as the addition of drugs in this mixture to improve their administration. However, there are no studies regarding the possible change in viscosity produced by their addition. Objectives: To assess the change in viscosity of water thickened with commercial products by adding the drugs frequently used in elderly patients. Methods: Samples of water mixed with the commercial thickener Resource® (modified corn starch) or Nutilis® (modified corn starch, maltodextrin, and gums: tara, xhantan, and guar) to achieve an intermediate consistence as "honey". The viscosity of these samples was measured as well as for similar samples to which one of the following drugs was added: galantamine, rivastigmin, ciprofloxacin, cholecalciferol, memantine, fosfomycin, calcium, and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. Results: In the samples with Resource® thickener we observed decreased viscosity by adding galantamine, memantine, fosfomycin or calcium, and increased viscosity with amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. The viscosity of the samples with Nutilis® decreased with galantamine, rivastigmine, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, fosfomycin and calcium. Conclusion: The viscosity of water with commercial thickeners may be affected by some drugs or their preservatives, which may influence the swallowing capability. It is recommended to perform further in vitro and in vivo studies in order to adjust these formulations if necessary (AU)